The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is the central research and development organization for the Department of Defense (DoD). This Grand Challenge is basically a robotic vehicle competition.
The first Grand Challenge event was held in March 2004 and featured a 142-mile desert course. Fifteen autonomous ground vehicles attempted the course and no vehicle finished. In the 2005 Grand Challenge, four autonomous vehicles successfully completed a 132-mile desert route.
The next Challenge takes place in an urban environment and will be on November 3, 2007.